Seizure (tumor-related epilepsy)

What it is

A seizure is a sudden burst of abnormal electrical activity in the brain, which can cause a range of symptoms from brief altered awareness to convulsions. Seizures are a common symptom of gliomas — particularly lower-grade tumors — and are often the first sign that leads to diagnosis.

Understanding Seizure (tumor-related epilepsy)

Gliomas can irritate the surrounding brain tissue, triggering seizures. This is especially common with slower-growing, lower-grade gliomas and glioneuronal tumors, which frequently first come to attention through a seizure. A seizure may take many forms depending on where the tumor is — for example, a focal seizure affecting one part of the body or causing unusual sensations, or a generalized seizure with loss of consciousness and convulsions. A first seizure in an adult always warrants medical evaluation, including brain imaging, which is how many gliomas are discovered. Tumor-related seizures are usually managed with anti-seizure medications, and treating the tumor itself (such as surgery) can also improve seizure control. Seizure management and safety (such as driving precautions) are important parts of care. Understanding tumor-related seizures clarifies a common, often first symptom of gliomas.

Why it matters

Understanding tumor-related seizures helps patients and families recognize a common and often first sign of a glioma — a first seizure warrants evaluation, and seizures are usually manageable with medication and tumor treatment.