Causes & Risk Factors
Neural tube defect
A neural tube defect is a birth defect of the brain or spine, some forms of which (such as spina bifida) are commonly associated with hydrocephalus.
In short: Neural tube defect
- It is a birth defect of the developing brain or spinal cord.
- Spina bifida is the form most associated with hydrocephalus.
- Folic acid reduces the risk of some neural tube defects.
- Hydrocephalus is a common associated condition with spina bifida.
What it is
A neural tube defect is a birth defect that occurs when the neural tube — the early structure that becomes the brain and spinal cord — does not close completely during early pregnancy. Spina bifida and anencephaly are examples.
Understanding Neural tube defect
Among neural tube defects, spina bifida (especially myelomeningocele) is the form most relevant to hydrocephalus, because it is commonly associated with Chiari II malformation, which obstructs CSF flow and leads to hydrocephalus in most affected children. Folic acid taken before and during early pregnancy reduces the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida. Understanding the connection helps explain why hydrocephalus is a frequent companion of spina bifida and why these children are monitored and treated for it.
Why it matters
Understanding neural tube defects helps families see how certain birth defects of the spine, particularly spina bifida, are commonly associated with hydrocephalus, and how prevention (folic acid) and monitoring fit into care.
Common questions
What is a neural tube defect?
A birth defect of the developing brain or spinal cord.
Which form is most associated with hydrocephalus?
Spina bifida (myelomeningocele).
Can neural tube defects be reduced?
Folic acid reduces the risk of some.
Bottom line
A neural tube defect is a birth defect of the brain or spine; spina bifida is the form most commonly associated with hydrocephalus.
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