Types of Encephalocele by Location
Sphenoidal encephalocele
A sphenoidal encephalocele is a basal encephalocele involving the sphenoid bone at the base of the skull.
In short: Sphenoidal encephalocele
- It is a basal type that protrudes internally.
- It may be hidden and found later in life.
- It can involve the region of the pituitary gland.
- It is often approached endoscopically through the nose.
What it is
It is a basal encephalocele protruding through the sphenoid bone at the skull base. Because it protrudes internally rather than outward, it can be hidden from view.
Understanding Sphenoidal encephalocele
Because it protrudes through the skull base, it may present with nasal or hormonal symptoms rather than a visible bulge, and it is often found later in childhood or adulthood. The sphenoid region contains the sella turcica and pituitary gland, so a sphenoidal encephalocele can involve hormonal structures. It is frequently repaired through an endoscopic endonasal approach, with ENT and neurosurgery collaborating.
Why it matters
Understanding that a sphenoidal encephalocele can involve the pituitary region and present without an external bulge helps families see why symptoms may be subtle and why imaging is essential before any nasal procedure.
Common questions
Is it visible externally?
Often not — it protrudes internally.
How is it repaired?
Frequently through an endoscopic endonasal approach.
Can it involve hormones?
It can, given its location near the pituitary region.
Bottom line
A sphenoidal encephalocele is a hidden basal type through the sphenoid bone, often repaired endoscopically.
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