Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

What it is

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the primary imaging test for gliomas. It uses powerful magnetic fields and radio waves (not radiation) to produce detailed pictures of the brain, allowing doctors to detect a tumor, assess its location and characteristics, and follow it over time.

Understanding Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

MRI provides excellent detail of brain tissue, making it the gold standard for evaluating gliomas. It can show the tumor's size, location, and relationship to important structures, as well as features (such as how it takes up contrast, whether there is swelling, and signs of aggressiveness) that help suggest the type and grade. MRI is used at every stage: to detect and characterize a tumor at diagnosis, to plan surgery and radiation, and to monitor for response to treatment or recurrence over time. Different MRI sequences (such as T1, T2, and FLAIR) and techniques (such as contrast enhancement and advanced methods) each provide different information. Because MRI uses no radiation, it can be repeated as often as needed for follow-up. MRI findings are interpreted by neuroradiologists and combined with other information. Understanding MRI in gliomas clarifies the central imaging test for these tumors.

Why it matters

Understanding MRI helps patients and families see the central role of this radiation-free imaging test — used to detect, characterize, plan treatment for, and monitor a glioma at every stage of care.