Causes & Risk Factors
Myelomeningocele (spina bifida)
Myelomeningocele is the most significant form of spina bifida, commonly associated with Chiari II malformation and hydrocephalus.
In short: Myelomeningocele (spina bifida)
- It is a severe form of spina bifida with spinal cord involvement.
- It is commonly associated with Chiari II malformation.
- Most affected children develop hydrocephalus.
- Hydrocephalus management is part of their care.
What it is
Myelomeningocele is the most significant form of spina bifida, a neural tube defect in which the spinal cord and its membranes protrude through an opening in the spine. It is commonly associated with brain findings, including Chiari II malformation.
Understanding Myelomeningocele (spina bifida)
Because myelomeningocele is so often accompanied by Chiari II malformation — which displaces hindbrain structures and can obstruct CSF flow — most children with myelomeningocele develop hydrocephalus requiring treatment, frequently a shunt. Hydrocephalus management is therefore a central part of caring for children with this condition, alongside care for the spinal defect itself. These children are monitored for hydrocephalus from early on, and the connection between spina bifida, Chiari II, and hydrocephalus is an important part of understanding their care.
Why it matters
Understanding myelomeningocele helps families see why hydrocephalus is so common in this form of spina bifida (through its link to Chiari II), and why hydrocephalus monitoring and treatment are integral to these children's care.
Common questions
What is myelomeningocele?
The most significant form of spina bifida, with spinal cord involvement.
Why is hydrocephalus common with it?
It is associated with Chiari II malformation, which obstructs CSF flow.
Do most affected children develop hydrocephalus?
Yes — most require treatment.
Bottom line
Myelomeningocele is a severe spina bifida commonly linked to Chiari II malformation and hydrocephalus, which is central to these children's care.
Browse all 265 Hydrocephalus definitions
Read the Hydrocephalus patient guides
Not sure which page you need? Put words to it with the symptom navigator